Schiebinger's list of references

2022-07-02

 

1. US NIH Gender and Health Scientific Workshop Abstract Submissions Due by July 18

Save the date for a free scientific workshop on gender and health hosted by ORWH and a variety of partners, occurring Wednesday, October 26, 2022, from 11:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. EDT. The virtual workshop Links to an external site. is titled “Gender and Health: Impacts of Structural Sexism, Gender Norms, Relational Power Dynamics, and Gender Inequities”. Poster abstracts that focus on gender and health are being accepted through Monday, July 18. Visit the abstract submission portal Links to an external site. for more details and learn about the workshop objectives here Links to an external site..   

 

2. White House Office of Science & Technology Policy (OSTP) RFI

The White House Lab-to-Market (L2M) Subcommittee recently published a Request for Information (RFI) on How to make access to the innovation-ecosystem more inclusive and equitable Links to an external site.. It seeks information from the public to improve inclusive and equitable access to Federal programs to in the U.S. to those underrepresented in the innovation ecosystem. The responses to this RFI will inform the White House (OSTP) on work to improve existing programs and develop new programs to broaden participation in the Federally-funded R&D ecosystem.

 

3. Nature Portfolio Reporting Summary Links to an external site.—includes sex and gender analysis, age, genotypic information, etc.

 

4. Academic medicine's glass ceiling: Author's gender in top three medical research journals impacts probability of future publication success Links to an external site.

JE Krstacic, BM Carr, AR Yaligar, AS Kuruvilla Links to an external site.… - PloS one, 2022 - journals.plos.org

Introduction In December 2017, Lancet called for gender inequality investigations. Holding
other factors constant, trends over time for significant author (ie, first, second, last or any of
these authors) publications were examined for the three highest-impact medical research
journals (ie, New England Journal of Medicine [NEJM], Journal of the American Medical
Association [JAMA], and Lancet). Materials and methods Using randomly sampled 2002-
2019 MEDLINE original publications (n= 1,080; 20/year/journal), significant author-based …

 

5. [not yet published, but of interest] Citation inequity and gendered citation practices in contemporary physics Links to an external site.

EG Teich, JZ Kim Links to an external site., CW Lynn Links to an external site., SC Simon… - arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2021 - arxiv.org

The historical and contemporary under-attribution of women's contributions to scientific
scholarship is well-known and well-studied, with effects that are felt today in myriad ways by
women scientists. One measure of this under-attribution is the so-called citation gap
between men and women: the under-citation of papers authored by women relative to
expected rates coupled with a corresponding over-citation of papers authored by men
relative to expected rates. We explore the citation gap in contemporary physics, analyzing …

 

6. The gender health innovation gap: A perspective from the NIH Office of Research on Women's Health Links to an external site.

J White Links to an external site., J Clayton - Med, 2022 - Elsevier

Systemic sources of the gender health innovation gap include inattention to the effects of sex
and gender on health, underinvestment in health conditions relevant to or limited to women,
workforce diversity inequities, and societal attitudes. The US federal government instituted
policies and programs to address these challenges and demonstrate commitment to closing
this gap with the development of the first National Strategy on Gender Equity and Equality.

2022-05-22

Gender is increasingly being explored as a social characteristic ascribed to robots by people. Yet, research involving social robots that may be gendered tends not to address gender perceptions, such as through pilot studies or manipulation checks …   7. Perspectives on Gender in Science, Technology, and Innovation: A Review of Sub-Saharan Africa's Science Granting Councils and Achieving the Sustainable … Links to an external site. JC Jackson, JG Payumo, AJ Jamison, ML Conteh… - Frontiers in Research …, 2022 Africa's focus on science, technology, and innovation (STI) has grown over the last decade, with emerging examples of good practice. There are however numerous challenges to sustainable development in Africa; for example, inequalities

2022-05-09

2022-03-03

Two Announcements:

1. Bringing Gender and Sex Together: Transdisciplinary Theories and Methodologies Links to an external site.. The Canadian Organization for Gender and Sex Research (COGS) is holding its 2nd International Meeting. The meeting will highlight novel transdisciplinary perspectives on gender and sex research. This is an in-person meeting taking place in Montréal, Quebec, May 29-31, 2022.
2. Stanford Medical School featuring guest speaker Sabine Oertelt-Prigione, MD, PhD, MSc, Sex and Gender Matter- Now What?: incorporating Sex and Gender in Biomedical Research, March 23, 2022, 10am-11am PST, On ZOOM, Register here Links to an external site.. Hosted by the Stanford WHSDM Center (Women & Sex Differences in Medicine).

 

 

Let's talk about (biological) sex Links to an external site.

I Miguel-Aliaga - Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 2022 - nature.com

… an interest in sex differences is the incorrect use of sex and gender — in particular, the use
of the latter as a synonym for the former. Sex refers to biological attributes that distinguish …

 

Gender Disparity Trends in Authorship of Hand Surgery Research Links to an external site.

RF Xu, NH Varady, AF Chen, BE Earp - The Journal of Hand Surgery, 2022

Purpose Despite an overall trend towards gender parity, women continue to remain
underrepresented in surgical fields. Until recently, women’s representation in hand
surgery literature was largely unexplored. The objective of this study was to examine …

 

The giant plan to track diversity in research journals Links to an external site.

Efforts to chart and reduce bias in scholarly publishing will ask authors, reviewers and editors to disclose their race or ethnicity.

 

Survey of gender bias in the IPCC Links to an external site.

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) needs to do more to include the contributions of women, even as numbers and policies improve. In 2018, the IPCC established the Task Group on Gender to advise how to achieve the fair representation and broad expertise required for the best possible climate-policy knowledge. Childcare needs, lack of resources, gatekeeping and many more factors Links to an external site. are limiting the equity in working groups, they write.

Nature | 9 min read Links to an external site.

 

In AI We Trust. Power, Illusion and Control of Predictive Algorithms:

https://politybooks.com/bookdetail/?isbn=9781509548811 Links to an external site.

 

Gendered Innovations’ case study on Inclusive Crash Test Dummies Links to an external site. features in a U.S. Congressional effort Links to an external site. to include latest generation female crash test dummies in new car testing. The issue is that current female crash test dummies used by the NHTSA are simply scaled down versions of the male and do not model average female muscle and ligament strength, spinal alignment, and dynamic responses to trauma. As a result, belt-restrained female drivers are 47% more likely to sustain serious injury than males, when controlling for weight and body mass. From an intersectional point of view, elderly females and obese males are also among the most likely to be injured.

 

Textbook typologies: Challenging the myth of the perfect obstetric pelvis Links to an external site.

C VanSickle, KL Liese, JN Rutherford - The Anatomical Record, 2022

Medical education’s treatment of obstetric‐related anatomy exemplifies historical
sex bias in medical curricula. Foundational obstetric and midwifery textbooks teach
that clinical pelvimetry and the Caldwell–Moloy classification system are used to …

 

Critical race and feminist standpoint theories in physics education research: A historical review and potential applications Links to an external site.

M Rodriguez, R Barthelemy, M McCormick - Physical Review Physics Education …, 2022

More progress is needed to achieve equity in racial and gender representation in
the push to diversify the physical sciences. In order to continue moving towards
representation and equity, there is a need for more analytic tools that can help us 

 

Artificial intelligence in mammographic phenotyping of breast cancer risk: a narrative review Links to an external site.

A Gastounioti Links to an external site., S Desai… - Breast Cancer …, 2022 - breast-cancer-research …

Improved breast cancer risk assessment models are needed to enable personalized
screening strategies that achieve better harm-to-benefit ratio based on earlier detection and
better breast cancer outcomes than existing screening guidelines. Computational
mammographic phenotypes have demonstrated a promising role in breast cancer risk
prediction. With the recent exponential growth of computational efficiency, the artificial
intelligence (AI) revolution, driven by the introduction of deep learning, has expanded the …

 

Peeking into a black box, the fairness and generalizability of a MIMIC-III benchmarking model Links to an external site.

E Röösli, S Bozkurt, T Hernandez-Boussard - Scientific Data, 2022

As artificial intelligence (AI) makes continuous progress to improve quality of care for
some patients by leveraging ever increasing amounts of digital health data, others
are left behind. Empirical evaluation studies are required to keep biased AI models …

2022-01-20

Hot off the press: Diversifying history: A large-scale analysis of changes in researcher demographics and scholarly agendas Links to an external site.

Stephan Risi, Mathias W. Nielsen,…Londa Schiebinger. In recent years, interest has grown in whether and to what extent demographic diversity sparks discovery and innovation in research. At the same time, topic modeling has been employed to discover differences in what women and men write about. This study engages these two strands of scholarship to explore associations between changing researcher demographics and research questions asked in the discipline of history. Specifically, we analyze developments in history as women entered the field.

 

This is in an archive (not published yet) Sex, Gender, and Diversity Analysis in Research Policies of Major Public Granting Agencies: A Global Review Links to an external site.. Happy for comments.

L Hunt, L Schiebinger - 2021

National research agencies are funded by taxpayer monies and, as such, are responsible for promoting excellent research that benefits all of society. Integrating sex, gender and diversity analysis (SG&DA) into the design of research, where relevant, can improve research methodology and provide new insights. This study reviews those policies for agencies across six continents. Our study developed a five-part SG&DA policy roadmap for agencies and collected best practices across that guide. Standard practices, tailored as appropriate to country-specific cultures and regulatory landscapes, will enhance collaboration potential, global equity, research excellence and reproducibility.

 

Modelling the Human Rights Approach to Science Education Links to an external site.

T Tajmel - STEM Education

The aim of this chapter is to highlight different, albeit mutually interacting dimensions
which shape and enable or disable access to what is broadly understood as science
or STEM education. STEM stands for science, technology, engineering, and 

 

Gender-sensitive word embeddings for healthcare Links to an external site.

S Agmon, P Gillis, E Horvitz, K Radinsky - Journal of the American Medical …, 2021

Women have been underrepresented in clinical trials. Thus, using the broad clinical trials literature as training data for statistical language models could result in biased models, with deficits in knowledge about women. The method presented enables gender-sensitive use of publications as training data for word embed-dings. In experiments, the gender-sensitive embeddings show better performance than baseline embeddings for the clinical tasks studied. The results highlight opportunities for recognizing and addressing gender and other representational biases in the clinical trials literature. Addressing representational biases in data for training NLP embeddings can lead to better results on downstream tasks for underrepresented populations.

 

Word Embeddings via Causal Inference: Gender Bias Reducing and Semantic Information Preserving Links to an external site.

L Ding, D Yu, J Xie, W Guo, S Hu, M Liu, L Kong, H Dai… - arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2021

With widening deployments of natural language processing (NLP) in daily life,
inherited social biases from NLP models have become more severe and problematic.
Previous studies have shown that word embeddings trained on human-generated …

 

Gender sensitivity and stereotypes in medical university students: An Italian cross-sectional study Links to an external site.

Fabrizio Bert, Edoardo Boietti, Stefano Rousset et al. 2022

Gender medicine is crucial to reduce health inequalities. Knowledge about students’ attitudes and beliefs regarding men, women and gender is important to improve gender medicine courses. The aim of this study is to evaluate gender stereotypes and its predictors in Italian medical students. We performed an online cross-sectional study among students from the University of Turin. We used the validated Nijmegen Gender Awareness Scale in Medicine scale to explore gender sensitivity and stereotypes.

 

Recent developments include the growth of “femtech,” a term-of-art created in 2016, which refers “to a category of software, diagnostics, products, and services that use technology to focus on women's health” (Rosas, 2019, p. 320). If you see good articles on it, please let me know. Here is news from the NIH Office on Research on Women’s Health: We are seeing a burst in the FemTech [feminine technology] industry, which includes devices, products, software platforms, and services that address women’s health and wellness. Some of the innovations include early detection of ovarian cancer, protection from anemia and ovarian and endometrial cancer, replacing mammograms with a saliva test, bioelectric treatment for sinus pain and congestion, foods promoting early digestive health of babies and toddlers, and early detection of epileptic seizures.

 

Re‐examining our roots: Queer history and anatomy Links to an external site.

TC Smith - The Anatomical Record, 2022

Since its establishment as one of the major authorities on the human body, Anatomy
has played a crucial role in social and political spheres. In this article, I review how
the history of Anatomy has intersected with queer history and how the effects of …

 

Biomedical Innovation for Everyone, Bias-Free Links to an external site., article by Leslie Mertz, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society.

2021-12-12

1. **Importantly, the new coalition government in Germany addressed “gender medicine” in their platform. “Gender medicine” means the study of sex and gender differences in health and medicine. They state: to promote “diverse, inclusive, and barrier-free healthcare…gender medicine will become part of medical studies and of education and training of health professions.” On page 86, https://www.spd.de/fileadmin/Dokumente/Koalitionsvertrag/Koalitionsvertrag_2021-2025.pdf Links to an external site..

 

2. You can submit a paper for the: Diversity in Research Paper Award Links to an external site. from the Human Brain Project. Deadline, 21 Dec 2021.

M Farisco, J De Felipe, A Morrison, A Salles

The DIRPA call invites applications for the Best Diversity in Research Papers, i.e.
publications that consider diversity traits such as sex, gender, age, ethnicity, etc. in
their specific field of research. Differentiating variables have been recognised to be …

 

3. Sex and gender considerations in reporting guidelines for health research: a systematic Links to an external site.

A Gogovor, HTV Zomahoun, G Ekanmian, ÉL Adisso… - 2021

Despite growing recognition of the importance of sex and
gender considerations in health research, they are rarely integrated into research
design and reporting. We sought to assess the integration of sex, as a biological …

 

 

2021-11-26

1. Very interesting report of the US Preventive Service’s revamping of their recommendations for health screenings to be inclusive of intersex, transgender, non-binary, and gender non-conforming populations.

USPSTF Approach to Addressing Sex and Gender When Making Recommendations for Clinical Preventive Services Links to an external site.

AB Caughey Links to an external site., AH Krist Links to an external site., TA Wolff, MJ Barry… - JAMA, 2021 - jamanetwork.com

Clinical preventive service recommendations from the US Preventive Services Task Force
(USPSTF) are based on transparent, systematic, and rigorous methods that consider the
certainty of the evidence and magnitude of net benefit. These guidelines aim to address the
needs of diverse populations. Biological sex and gender identity are sources of diversity that
are not often considered in studies of clinical preventive services that inform the
recommendations, resulting in challenges when evaluating the evidence and …

 

2. Integrating Sex/Gender into Environmental Health Research: Development of a Conceptual Framework Links to an external site.

G Bolte, K Jacke, K Groth, U Kraus Links to an external site., L Dandolo… - International Journal of …, 2021 - mdpi.com

There is a growing awareness about the need to comprehensively integrate sex and gender
into health research in order to enhance the validity and significance of research results. An
in-depth consideration of differential exposures and vulnerability is lacking, especially within
environmental risk assessment. Thus, the interdisciplinary team of the collaborative research
project INGER (integrating gender into environmental health research) aimed to develop a
multidimensional sex/gender concept as a theoretically grounded starting point for the …

 

3. Implementing Indigenous Gender-Based Analysis in Research: Principles, Practices and Lessons Learned Links to an external site.

CE Sanchez-Pimienta Links to an external site., JR Masuda Links to an external site.… - International Journal of …, 2021 - mdpi.com

Numerous tools for addressing gender inequality in governmental policies, programs, and
research have emerged across the globe. Unfortunately, such tools have largely failed to
account for the impacts of colonialism on Indigenous Peoples' lives and lands. In Canada,
Indigenous organizations have advanced gender-based analysis frameworks that are
culturally-grounded and situate the understanding of gender identities, roles, and
responsibilities within and across diverse Indigenous contexts. However, there is limit

 

4. Important article reviewing sex and gender in reporting guidelines, e.g., for animal research, the ARRIVE guidelines.

Sex and gender considerations in reporting guidelines for health research: a systematic Links to an external site.

A Gogovor, HTV Zomahoun, G Ekanmian, ÉL Adisso… Biology of Sex Differences - 2021

Despite growing recognition of the importance of sex and gender considerations in health research, they are rarely integrated into research design and reporting. We sought to assess the integration of sex, as a biological attribute, and gender, as a socially constructed identity, in published reporting guidelines. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of published reporting guidelines listed on the EQUATOR website (www.equator-nework.org) from inception until December 2018. We selected all reporting guidelines (original and extensions) listed in the EQUATOR library. We used EndNote Citation Software to build a database of the statements of each guideline identifed as a "full bibliographic reference" and retrieved the full texts. Reviewers independently extracted the data on use of sex and gender terms from the checklist/abstract/main text of guidelines. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and narrative synthesis. Results: A total of 407 reporting guidelines were included; they were published between 1995 and 2018. Of the 407 guidelines, 235 (57.7%) mentioned at least one of the sex- and gender-related words. In the checklist of the reporting guidelines (n=363), “sex” and “gender” were mentioned in 50 (13.8%) and 40 (11%), respectively. Only one reporting guideline met our criteria (nonbinary, appropriate categorization, and non-interchangeability) for correct use of sex and gender concepts. Trends in the use of "sex" and "gender" in the checklists showed that the use of “sex” only started in 2003, while “gender” has been in use since 1996. Conclusions: We assessed the integration of sex and gender in reporting guidelines based on the use of sex- and gender-related words. Our fndings showed a low use and integration of sex and gender concepts and their incorrect use. Authors of reporting guidelines should reduce this gap for a better use of research knowledge. Trial registration PROSPERO no. CRD42019136491.

 

5. A robot to clean-up the kitchen? I wish!

BEHAVIOR: Benchmark for Everyday Household Activities in Virtual, Interactive, and Ecological Environments Links to an external site.

S Srivastava, C Li Links to an external site., M Lingelbach Links to an external site.… - arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2021 - arxiv.org

We introduce BEHAVIOR, a benchmark for embodied AI with 100 activities in simulation,
spanning a range of everyday household chores such as cleaning, maintenance, and food
preparation. These activities are designed to be realistic, diverse, and complex, aiming to
reproduce the challenges that agents must face in the real world. Building such a
benchmark poses three fundamental difficulties for each activity: definition (it can differ by
time, place, or person), instantiation in a simulator, and evaluation. BEHAVIOR addresses …

Save Cite Cited by 1 Links to an external site. All 3 versions Links to an external site. 

 

6. Embedded ethics to teach machine learning courses: an experience Links to an external site.

E Cernadas, M Fernández-Delgado - 2021 XI International Conference on Virtual Campus …

Artificial intelligence offers many possibilities, some can improve the well-being of people, but others can be harmful to citizens, especially women. Examples are hiring decision support systems, criminal justice, facial and voice recognition, or machine translators. In order to make students aware of the development of these intelligent systems in the future, it is necessary to incorporate specific ethics content with a gender perspective as a transversal competence in university degrees and masters related to artificial intelligence and machine learning. In this paper we present the experiences in two subjects of machine learning, one undergraduate and one master, which are taught for the first time in the academic year 2020-2021 at the University of Santiago de Compostela. The activity allowed students to reflect on ethical and gender issues in the exercise of their professional future for the development of machine learning systems.

 

7. Gendered Innovations Intersectional Design Cards Links to an external site. are now for sale—and distributed via Stanford University Press. I’m sorry there is a charge to cover costs. (At the moment, they are available in the US only. We are working on that.) Everything is also freely available on our website. Intersectional Design drives innovation while supporting social justice and environmental sustainability. It's about getting the design right for people across all of society—from the very beginning. Intersectional Design considers overlapping or "intersecting" factors—including gender, ethnicity, age, geographic location, etc.—that interact to shape a person's or a group's experience and social opportunities as a starting point for a more inclusive design approach. The Intersectional Design Cards feature 12 intersectional factors, 4 design levels, and 16 case studies. The case studies tell the story of intersectional design—from inclusive crash test dummies, to voice assistants, to social robots, urban design, medical technologies, smart mobility, water infrastructure, marine science, and more.

8. Cross Interview on Women's and Gender Studies in the Field of the History of Science and Knowledge Links to an external site.

I Lémonon-Waxin - Cahiers François Viète, 2021 - hal.archives-ouvertes.fr

The publication of a special issue of the Cahiers François Viète combining women's and
gender studies and the history of science and knowledge is an opportunity to take a
historiographical and reflexive look at the evolution of this field of research over the past
thirty years. This contribution invites the dialogue of several historians of science and
knowledge who have contributed to the construction of the fields of women's and gender
studies. This conversation does not aim to present all the developments in the humanities …

 

9. Diversity in transition: Is transitions research diverse (enough)? Links to an external site.

S Preuß, R Galvin, B Ghosh, E Dütschke - Environmental Innovation and Societal …, 2021

Recently diversity in transitions research has achieved increasing attention. Many diversity dimensions such as gender and geographical location, as well as their intersections, should be considered to achieve successful and just transitions. Currently, transitions research is diverse in some aspects, but the broader framework for diverse transitions research is lacking. In this contribution, (i) we outline why diversity should be considered in the transitions research agenda, (ii) we demonstrate the extent of diversity in current transitions research, (iii) we provide examples of how diversity can be considered in transitions research, and (iv) we give recommendations to achieve a diversification of transitions research. From our perspective, social diversity deserves more attention in the next decade of transitions research, to enable just sustainable transitions - for everyone.

 

2021-11-18

 

[HTML] Gender Dynamics in Small Group within a Student-Centered Physics Course: An Exploratory Single Case Study Links to an external site.

MO Akubo - 2021

… Citing the work of Schiebinger, Götschel argues that gendered practices and
ideologies have structured scientific knowledge (Schiebinger, 2008, in Götschel,
2011). Participation practices are part of what define classroom structures. Larger 

 

2021-10-23

1. A marvelous new resource for quantitative Intersectional Analysis from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research by Professor Greta Bauer: Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Quantitative intersectional study design and primary data collection: https://cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/52352.html Links to an external site.; Questions to guide quantitative intersectional analyses:  https://cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/52676.html Links to an external site. (2021).
2. Gender disparity in the funding of diseases by the US National Institutes of Health Links to an external site.

AA Mirin - Journal of Women's Health, 2021 - liebertpub.com

Background: Gender bias has been an ongoing issue in health care, examples being
underrepresentation of women in health studies, trivialization of women's physical
complaints, and discrimination in the awarding of research grants. We examine here a
different issue—gender disparity when it comes to the allocation of research funding among
diseases. Materials and Methods: We perform an analysis of funding by the US National
Institutes of Health (NIH) to ascertain possible gender disparity in its allocation of funds 

 

3. Meta-research: a 10-year follow-up study of sex inclusion in the biological sciences Links to an external site.

NC Woitowich Links to an external site., A Beery Links to an external site., T Woodruff Links to an external site. - Elife, 2020 - elifesciences.org

In 2016, to address the historical overrepresentation of male subjects in biomedical
research, the US National Institutes of Health implemented a policy requiring investigators to
consider sex as a biological variable. In order to assess the impact of this policy, we
conducted a bibliometric analysis across nine biological disciplines for papers published in
34 journals in 2019, and compared our results with those of a similar study carried out by
Beery and Zucker in 2009. There was a significant increase in the proportion of studies that

 

 

4. Sex differences in anxiety and depression: circuits and mechanisms Links to an external site.

DA Bangasser Links to an external site., A Cuarenta - Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2021 - nature.com

Epidemiological sex differences in anxiety disorders and major depression are well
characterized. Yet the circuits and mechanisms that contribute to these differences are
understudied, because preclinical studies have historically excluded female rodents. This
oversight is beginning to be addressed, and recent studies that include male and female
rodents are identifying sex differences in neurobiological processes that underlie features of
these disorders, including conflict anxiety, fear processing, arousal, social avoidance …

 

 

5. Are there sex differences in completeness of death registration and quality of cause of death statistics? Results from a global analysis Links to an external site.

T Adair Links to an external site., USH Gamage, L Mikkelsen, R Joshi Links to an external site. - BMJ Global Health, 2021 - gh.bmj.com

Introduction Recent studies suggest that more male than female deaths are registered and a
higher proportion of female deaths are certified as 'garbage'causes (ie, vague or ill-defined
causes of limited policy value). This can reduce the utility of sex-specific mortality statistics
for governments to address health problems. To assess whether there are sex differences in
completeness and quality of data from civil registration and vital statistics systems, we
analysed available global death registration and cause of death data. Methods …

  

 

6. Publications about Women, Science, and Engineering: Use of Sex and Gender in Titles over a Forty-six-year Period Links to an external site.

MF Fox Links to an external site., DR Rueda, G Sonnert Links to an external site.… - … , & Human Values, 2021 - journals.sagepub.com

This article focuses on key features of the use of sex and gender in titles of articles about
women, science, and engineering over an important forty-six-year period (1965–2010). The
focus is theoretically and empirically consequential. Theoretically, the paper addresses
science as a critical case that connects femininity/masculinity to social stratification; and the
use of sex and gender as an enduring, analytical issue that reveals perspectives on
hierarchies of femininity/masculinity. Empirically, this article identifies the emergence …

 

7. ACT on Integrating Sex and Gender Analysis in Research & Innovation Links to an external site.

J Müller, E Pollitzer - genderportal.eu

Integrating sex and gender analysis into research and innovation (R&I) enhances the quality
and impact of scientific results as well as products and services developed for the market.
Given the historic under-representation of women in science and certain areas of the labor
market, it is not surprising that knowledge itself is biased, having a higher male footprint.

 

8. Unpacking the Interdependent Systems of Discrimination: Ableist Bias in NLP Systems through an Intersectional Lens Links to an external site.

S Hassan Links to an external site., M Huenerfauth Links to an external site., CO Alm Links to an external site. - arXiv preprint arXiv:2110.00521, 2021 - arxiv.org

Much of the world's population experiences some form of disability during their lifetime.
Caution must be exercised while designing natural language processing (NLP) systems to
prevent systems from inadvertently perpetuating ableist bias against people with disabilities,
ie, prejudice that favors those with typical abilities. We report on various analyses based on
word predictions of a large-scale BERT language model. Statistically significant results
demonstrate that people with disabilities can be disadvantaged. Findings also explore …

 

9. Balanced datasets are not enough: Estimating and mitigating gender bias in deep image representations Links to an external site.

T Wang Links to an external site., J Zhao Links to an external site., M Yatskar Links to an external site.… - Proceedings of the …, 2019 - openaccess.thecvf.com

In this work, we present a framework to measure and mitigate intrinsic biases with respect to
protected variables-such as gender-in visual recognition tasks. We show that trained models
significantly amplify the association of target labels with gender beyond what one would
expect from biased datasets. Surprisingly, we show that even when datasets are balanced
such that each label co-occurs equally with each gender, learned models amplify the
association between labels and gender, as much as if data had not been balanced! To

2021-10-02

1. Why Gender is Relevant to Materials Science and Engineering, Elizabeth Pollitzer, MRS Communications (2021), 10.1557/s43579-021-00093-1

For historical reasons science today has substantially more evidence for males and men than for females and women, which means that quality of research and innovation outcomes may often be worse for women than for men. I explore how the gender dimension—a term used to mean effects of biological (sex) and/or socio-cultural (gender) characteristics—fits into new materials research and engineering and especially in nano-materials applications. Horizon Europe expects that grant proposals should include explanation if gender dimension is relevant to the project’s objectives. This paper shows that often the answer should be yes it is.

2. Dr. Susanne Maaß and Dr. Claude Draude have developed practical methods for technology development: Gender-Extended Research and Development Model (GERD): https://www.gerd-model.com Links to an external site. The GERD model has been designed for use in the tech industry and related research fields. It provides knowledge and guidelines for teams across the various phases of research and development. Have a look!
3. This report is about gender equality in science organizations, not about research, but I found it of great interest: The report Gender Equality in Science: Inclusion and Participation of Women in Global Science Organizations: https://genderinsite.net/sites/default/files/GenderEqualityInScience_TwoGlobalSurveys.pdf Links to an external site. . They also have a dedicated website: https://council.science/publications/gender-equality-in-science/ Links to an external site.

 

4. INCORPORATING A WOMEN'S CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH CURRICULUM INTO MEDICAL EDUCATION Links to an external site.

N Adreak, K Srivaratharajah, KA Mullen, A Pike… - CJC Open, 2021 - Elsevier

Despite being the leading cause of death of women globally, cardiovascular disease (CVD)
research over the last several decades has focused primarily on men. CVD research has led
to progress in diagnosis and treatment, medical education, and public awareness; however,
few of these advances have applied specifically to women's cardiovascular health. There is
a paucity of sex-and gender-specific educational material regarding CVD in clinical training
programs for physicians. The irregularity in integrated curricula across medical schools in …

 

5. Systematic Review of Sex and Gender Effects in Traumatic Brain Injury: Equity in Clinical and Functional Outcomes Links to an external site.

T Mollayeva Links to an external site., S Mollayeva, N Pacheco… - Frontiers in …, 2021 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Background: Although traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability
in male and female patients worldwide, little is known about the effect of sex and gender on
TBI outcomes. Objectives: This systematic review summarizes the evidence on the effect of
sex and gender on core TBI outcomes. Methods: All English-language studies from six
literature databases that addressed core outcomes in adults with TBI and included sex or
gender, TBI severity, and age in their analyses were considered eligible. Two reviewers …

2021-09-15

1. New UN Environmental Programme report: Single-use menstrual products and their alternatives: Recommendations from Life Cycle Assessments Links to an external site. (2021).

 

2. New OECD report: Gender and the Environment Links to an external site. (2021).

 

3. Patent gap holds back inventions for women Links to an external site.: Only 16% of biomedical patents in 2010 were filed by teams consisting mostly of women. An analysis of 400,000 biomedical patents filed between 1976 and 2010 in the United States found that all-female teams were 35% more likely than all-male teams to invent technologies related to women’s health. If women and men had produced an equal number of patents since 1976, researchers estimate that there would be 6,500 more female-focused inventions today Links to an external site.. “We’d be better off with inventions that represent all of the knowledge and all the human capacity we have,” says sociologist Laurel Smith-Doerr. Nature | 6 min read Links to an external site.
4. Gendering the smart city: A case study of Sejong City, Korea Links to an external site.

J Chang, J Choi, H An, HY Chung - Cities, 2021 - Elsevier

Abstract District 2-2 (or Saerom-dong), located in Sejong smart city, is designated as a
'Specially Designed Zone for Women'. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the
gendered dimensions of this smart city district through gender analysis. This paper analyzes
the planning, implementation, and post-occupancy stages of the district through a review of
guidelines of gender-mainstreaming policies of Korean cities, interviews of experts involved,
and a survey of 100 residents to gain an insight into how users perceive the spatial aspects 

 

5. Day 2 of the Gender Summit tomorrow! https://www.gender-summit.com/gs20-2021-lac/gs20-programme Links to an external site. and register (free) https://www.gender-summit.com/gs20-2021-lac/gs20-registration Links to an external site.
6. From the Bioinfo4women Programme, Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), a Summary Report of the whole: http://bioinfo4women.bsc.es/sex-and-gender-bias-in-artificial-intelligence-and-health/ Links to an external site. (2021). Plus recordings of four public sessions: https://join.slack.com/t/bioinfo4women-ngk2389/shared_invite/zt-v0znxqxi-aqXd~VXuquUDDVhDBmhQAQ Links to an external site..
7. [Elena Gissi, a Marie Sklodowska Curie Fellow, working on sex analysis in marine science with Prof. Fiorenza Micheli and Prof. Londa Schiebinger, Stanford University. Her message: I am the chair of the scientific session ME04 titled "Getting things right: Sex analysis for ocean science and conservation in response to climate change" at the Ocean Sciences Meetings 2022, which will take place in Hawaii, February 27 - March 4, 2022. As attachment the flyer with the abstract and the references, and here the link to the Sessions: https://www.aslo.org/osm2022/scientific-sessions/ Links to an external site.. I would like to kindly invite you to the call for abstract; deadline September 29, 2021.
8. Job opportunity: At GREAT Agriculture we're working to build a more inclusive, equitable, and impactful agricultural research system, and we could use a helping hand! We're hiring a project manager to join the GREAT project management team, based at Cornell University's Department of Global Development. Qualified applicants will bring their passion for change, knowledge of gender and agricultural research systems, project management experience, and a winning attitude. More details are available on the position posting: tinyurl.com/great-pm-position Links to an external site.. Visa and relocation assistance are not available.

2021-08-09

1. Today marks the United Nations' International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples. In honor of the day, The Lancet has collated a special collection on the health and wellbeing of Indigenous peoples around the world. Content in this collection that normally sits behind a paywall will be free to access with registration until Aug 16, 2021. Here it is:  The Lancet: advancing racial equality resource centre Links to an external site.

 

2.  A fascinating article: Who do we invent for? Patents by women focus more on women's health, but few women get to invent Links to an external site.

R Koning Links to an external site., S Samila Links to an external site., JP Ferguson Links to an external site. - Science, 2021 - science.sciencemag.org

Women engage in less commercial patenting and invention than do men, which may affect
what is invented. Using text analysis of all US biomedical patents filed from 1976 through
2010, we found that patents with all-female inventor teams are 35% more likely than all-male 

 

3. Also fascinating: Analysis of Gender Stereotypes for the Design of Service Robots: Case Study on the Chinese Catering Market Links to an external site.

Z Wang, J Huang, C Fiammetta - Designing Interactive Systems …, 2021 - dl.acm.org

Service robots are entering all kinds of business areas, and the outbreak of COVID-19
speeds up their application. Many studies have shown that robots with matching gender-
occupational roles receive larger acceptance. However, this can also enlarge the gender
bias in society. In this paper, we identified gender norms embedded in service robots by
iteratively coding 67 humanoid robot images collected from the Chinese e-commerce
platform Alibaba. We then generated four-step guidance for designers to identify and …

 

4. Important: Preventing fairness gerrymandering: Auditing and learning for subgroup fairness Links to an external site.

M Kearns Links to an external site., S Neel Links to an external site., A Roth Links to an external site.… - … Conference on Machine …, 2018 - proceedings.mlr.press

The most prevalent notions of fairness in machine learning fix a small collection of pre-
defined groups (such as race or gender), and then ask for approximate parity of some
statistic of the classifier (such as false positive rate) across these groups. Constraints of this 

 

5. Nature Outlook featuring Rhonda Voskuhl: The Importance of Sex Links to an external site.. Autoimmune disease is considerably more common in women than in men. The reasons why are just beginning to come into focus.

2021-07-23

1. Of potential interest. The European Community has made a 15 minute video on Integrating Sex and Gender Analysis into Research and Innovation: [ACT%20on%20Gender%20Dimension]The Gender Dimension :

https://vimeo.com/547895277 Links to an external site.. There are also individual 15 minute interviews with Sabine Oertelt-Prigione on Health & Medicine, Rob Ellis on Marine Science, Holly Falk-Krzesinski on Peer-Reviewed Publishing, Martin Hultman on Climate and Sustainable Entrepreneurship, and me on Sex and Gender Analysis across Science and Technology: https://www.act-on-gender.eu/project-outcomes Links to an external site.

2. Here is a European Research Council conference, SEX AND GENDER DIMENSION IN FRONTIER RESEARCH, from last November (not sure how I missed it!) Some excellent talks. Of note is Natasha Karp’s from AstraZeneca on sex bias in preclinical research, and Krishna Gummadi’s on gender bias in algorithmic decision making (something there on subpopulation gerrymandering): https://erc.europa.eu/event/sex-and-gender-dimension-frontier-research Links to an external site.. Other talks are also of interest, depending on your field.
3. The Women’s Brain Project holds landmark second regulatory roundtable to advance progress towards sex and gender-considerations in precision medicine. https://www.womensbrainproject.com/second-regulatory-roundtable- Links to an external site.blog/
4. Lack of consideration of sex and gender in COVID-19 clinical studies Links to an external site.

E Brady, MW Nielsen, JP Andersen, S Oertelt-Prigione - Nature Communications, 2021

Sex and gender differences impact the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection
and COVID-19 mortality. Furthermore, sex differences influence the frequency
and severity of pharmacological side effects. A large number of clinical trials …

 

5. Sex/gender differences in testing, presentation, and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection Links to an external site.

EP Scully, G Schumock, M Fu, E Klein, SL Klein… - Topics in Antiviral Medicine, 2021

Background: Males have increased rates of severe illness and mortality from SARS-
CoV2 compared to females. It is unknown whether this is due to differential care
seeking, health status, illness presentation, comorbidities, and/or treatment 

6. This is on careers (not research) but is a good summary article.

Gender bias in academia: A lifetime problem that needs solutions Links to an external site.

A Llorens, A Tzovara, L Bellier, I Bhaya-Grossman… - Neuron, 2021

Despite increased awareness of the lack of gender equity in academia and a growing number of initiatives to address issues of diversity, change is slow, and inequalities remain. A major source of inequity is gender bias, which has a substantial negative impact on the careers, work-life balance, and mental health of underrepresented groups in science. Here, we argue that gender bias is not a single problem but manifests as a collection of distinct issues that impact researchers’ lives. We disentangle these facets and propose concrete solutions that can be adopted by individuals, academic institutions, and society.

 

7. This is still in preprint: Generating Gender Augmented Data for NLP Links to an external site.

N Jain, M Popovic, D Groves, E Vanmassenhove - arXiv preprint arXiv:2107.05987, 2021

… Observed bias problems range from copying biases already existing in data to claims
that the training process can lead to an exacerbation or amplification of observed bi-
ases

8. Adamus, M., Čavojová, V. and Šrol, J. (2021), "The impact of stereotyped perceptions of entrepreneurship and gender-role orientation on Slovak women’s entrepreneurial intentions", Gender in Management, Vol. 36 No. 6, pp. 745-761. https://doi.org/10.1108/GM-06-2020-0179 Links to an external site..
9. This is climate change—I can’t tell you how excited I am. I hope this can pass quickly. On 14 July, the European Commission presented a comprehensive package of 13 legislative proposals. These proposals seek to meet the targets enshrined in the Climate Law, which mandates a reduction of emissions (from 1990 levels) of at least 55% by 2030 – and climate neutrality by 2050. This landmark package, known as “Fit for 55”, encompasses changes to the energy system, low-carbon innovation and the transformation of the manufacturing industry, measures to promote more sustainable transport and the phasing out of the conventional car, as well as policies to improve the energy efficiency of buildings. The package represents not only a comprehensive overhaul of the many policies that have been put in place over the last two decades, but includes two significant new elements: the creation of a climate social fund and the establishment of a carbon border adjustment mechanism. With these measures the European Commission proposes to make the Green Deal a reality.
10. Publishers let authors correct their names Links to an external site.. In an effort to expand inclusivity for transgender researchers, publishers, including Springer Nature, Elsevier, Wiley and the American Association for the Advancement of Science, have adopted policies that allow rapid and discreet author name changes to be made on digital editions of published works Links to an external site.. “This was a safety issue, a personal-equity issue and a labour issue,” says informatics researcher Theresa Jean Tanenbaum. Search engines and other indexes might need time to reflect the change, and PDF documents can complicate the issue when they are considered the historical article of record